This NFT provides the ability to charge and regeneration the cell of smart devices: smartphone, smartwatch.
(I) Chemistry
- Forcing the movement of lithium ions from the cathode to the anode:
C6 + LiCoO2 → LiC6 + CoO2
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forcing the movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode
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1a
Reduction at the cathode
Fusion of cobalt oxide with lithium ions to produce lithium-cobalt oxide (LiCoO2):
CoO2 + Li+ + e- → LiCoO2
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1b
Oxidation at the anode
Formation of graphite (C6) and lithium ions from a graphite intercalation compound (LiC6):
LiC6 → C6 + Li+ + e-
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1c
Protection from solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer growth by removal:
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lithium fluoride (LiF)
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lithium carbonate (Li2CO3)
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lithium methyl carbonate (LiOCO2CH3)
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lithium ethylene dicarbonate (LiOCO2CH2)2
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lithium oxide (Li2O)
(II) Maintenance part 1
- Protection from impedance change caused by:
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ohmic resistance increase by current collector corrosion
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faradaic rate degradation by separator pore blockage
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drying of pores and local areas within both electrodes by increased concentration of lithium salt
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loss of electrolyte (LE) by:
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high voltages
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high temperature
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lithium plating
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reaction with moisture contamination -
2a
Protection from loss of active material (LAM) -
2b
Protection from loss of lithium inventory (LLI) -
2c
Protection from stoichiometric drift
(III) Maintenance part 2
- Protection from positive electrode (PE) degradation by preventing the reaction:
LixMO2 (layered) → LixM3O4 (spinel) → LixMO (rock salt)
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3a
Protection from binder decomposition -
3b
Protection from electrode-current collector delamination -
3c
Protection from electrolyte evaporation
Mandala design:
- Interested
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