Coming back to address the question of ends justifying means…
I started to write here an affirmation of what I tend to hold, that the ends do not justify the means. On some instinctive level I find those that would compromise themselves to achieve a goal rather abhorrent. It seems like “cheating” in a way, and seems that the end, if reached by that method, is not legitimate. My stock intellectual answer would be that one ought to do things the right way… the way that most conforms with truth… and whatever result is left is the one that is legitimate. One might even say deserved.
I have also considered another argument that in reaching such an “illegitimate” end, which has come at the cost of “who one is”, that one no longer is. If you are so compromising… shifting… that you would do anything for the sake of your goal, then who or what are you?
However, as I prepared to write all of this, I found myself coming back to a different sort of observation and argument that had the resonance of truth to me from years ago. It is counter-intuitive, but when I have looked around it seems to me that reason follow action, and not the other way around. That is to say, we have an impulse, we choose to act on that impulse, and only afterward come up with a reason.
It ties into a sort of common place phrase I picked up when I was younger… identified with then and identify with now… “If you want something you will find a way… if you do not you will find an excuse.”
Likewise, I believe all of us, even the most detached and “spiritual” among us, have desires or goals, even if it is “I desire to have no desires.” (perhaps there is a truly desireless one among us, and perhaps that state exists, I waffle on those questions). However, the question itself “do the ends justify the means?” presumes that the questioner does have ends… does have desires or goals.
If someone truly wants that end, then I would imagine they will do whatever it takes to get it, as opposed to someone who will offer up excuses about not wishing to compromise or violate some moral standard.
It is perhaps relevant (and ironic) that I think it can be said that most anyone here (or asking the question in general) wants to be “good”. People ask philosophical questions to attempt to reach the good. If they did not care about the good, then they could easily live an unreflective life. And, I think it is almost as clear that one is willing to “compromise oneself”… change oneself… for the sake of the good. That is truth seeking is it not?
So where does it leave us? It seems that those hesitantly questioning in order to find “the good” are also those non-beings willing to compromise all self to reach the end of being good or conforming with truth.
The ends justify the means for those whom by and large deny that the ends justify the means, it would seem.
Ok, going to try a summation…
Life is about desires and choices, but choices are dependent on the strength of your desire. Whatever it is you want, whether that is something mundane or something supremely spiritual, or just raw power, you are going to shape your life to get it (if you truly want it). No saint, hero, athlete, etc ever stayed the same on their journey to their desire / goal / end. Even if you say it was just a development of their born nature (an evolution rather than a sharp divergence) it is still a change. And those changes came about because of decisions to change the means they were employing.