L-tyrosine field
Tyrosine (L-tyrosine, Tyr) is an important nutritional essential amino acid, which plays an important role in the metabolism, growth and development of humans and animals, and is widely used in medicine, food, feed and chemical industries. It is often used as a nutritional supplement for patients with phenylketonuria, and as a raw material for the preparation of pharmaceutical and chemical products such as polypeptide hormones, antibiotics, L-dopa, melanin, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, and p-hydroxystyrene.
[The important role of tyrosine in the human body]
Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid. It is a very important component of protein in the body and a raw material for various products in the body. It plays an important role in human health.
- Promote metabolism, prevent hyperthyroidism and increase appetite
Tyrosine can be converted into a variety of physiological substances through different metabolic pathways in the body - can produce a variety of neurotransmitters, such as levodopa, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, thyroxine, melanin and poppy (opium) of papaverine. These substances are closely related to the control of nerve conduction and metabolic regulation. In particular, tyrosine is also an important component of thyroxine, which is used in medicine to treat hyperthyroidism.
If a dieter takes a large dose of 20 grams of tyrosine in one day, it can replace the use of phenylpropanolamine or amphetamine-like stimulant drugs to control appetite. In addition, phenylpropanolamine can cause hypertensive crisis in some individuals.
The Levi’s and Missouri Dale Agricultural Experiment Station in the United States found that tyrosine and zinc deficiency can increase appetite, while high tyrosine content in the body can reduce appetite.
- Soothe the nerves, antidepressant, stabilize mood, Alzheimer’s disease and other diseases
Tyrosine has an important relationship with the transmission of neurons. A variety of physiological substances closely related to the regulation and control of nerve conduction produced by tyrosine in the body - especially dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and papaverine of poppy (opium), etc.
L-tyrosine is transformed from L-phenylalanine. Since tyrosine is a precursor substance of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine (both of which are hormones related to emotional stress), the lack of Tyrosine will promote the lack of these substances in the brain, which will cause depression and emotional depression, as well as some psychological diseases. Therefore, tyrosine can relieve environmental, psychological and physical stress, and is often used to treat depression and hypothyroidism. It also helps cells remain young for a long time and improves the body’s immunity.
Studies have shown that tyrosine can effectively help patients with depression, make them feel happy, suppress appetite, and reduce body fat. Some preliminary studies indicate that levodopa, which is produced from tyrosine, can help patients with Alzheimer’s disease (Parkinson’s disease).
- Slow down heart rate, regulate blood pressure; improve body endurance
Catecholamines (CA) are neurological substances containing catechol and amine groups, including norepinephrine (NA or NE), epinephrine (Ad or E) and dopamine (DA). Its main physiological function is to excite the α-receptors of blood vessels, causing blood vessels to constrict, mainly small arteries and small veins, which are more obvious in the skin and mucous membranes; the second is the vasoconstriction of the kidneys, and the brain, liver, mesentery, and bones Muscle and blood vessels have a contraction effect; it has a diastolic effect on the coronary vessels of the heart. This is because the heart is excited and myocardial metabolites such as adenosine increase, which increases the perfusion pressure of the coronary vessels and increases the coronary flow. It acts on the heart itself. When the release of catecholamines in the body increases, the myocardial contractility is strengthened, the heart rate is accelerated, the cardiac output is increased, the systolic blood pressure is increased, and the pulse pressure is reduced.
Therefore, tyrosine can convert norepinephrine (NA or NE), epinephrine (Ad or E) and dopamine (DA), which is of great help to “slow down heart rate, regulate blood pressure; improve body endurance”.
- Tyrosine helps get rid of drug addiction
A number of research reports on the use of tyrosine and other amino acids to reduce cocaine and alcohol cravings have been published by the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Texas at San Antonio with co-author Bloom. Studies have shown that compound supplements containing tyrosine or other amino acids such as tyrosine and phenylalanine, combined with drugs to simulate the effects of opiates, can effectively help many alcohol and cocaine addicts get rid of drug addiction. Many major medical centers have since adopted these supplements for the treatment of substance abusers.
- It is related to the formation of pigment, and it will benefit albinism when it is lacking
Vitiligo patients can change the melanin and dullness on the skin by eating foods containing tyrosine, relieve the symptoms of vitiligo, and resist ultraviolet rays that are harmful to the human body.
- Control uptake–inhibit cancer cells
Taking “amino acid starvation therapy” is a new method for cancer treatment. Some tumors, such as malignant melanoma (melanin is composed of tyrosine) or brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme (Note 4), studies have found that tyrosine is an important growth substance for these tumor cells . By inhibiting the uptake of tyrosine, the nutrient source (tyrosine and phenylalanine) of these tumor cells can be cut off, and at the same time, patients are supplemented with tryptophan and branched-chain amino acids that compete with tyrosine, so that tumor cells Starvation is the wisest treatment.
7 hair color
Tyrosinase in hair follicle cells is the main reason why hair appears black. With aging, the activity of tyrosinase will decrease, so that the melanocytes will decrease, and the hair will turn white. Therefore, graying of hair is a normal phenomenon of aging.