I haven’t read any of the answers but as for the first question, my conjecture is that it’s about Cause. Basically, way back when people didn’t know anything about how the reproductive system works, all they knew was that women of childbearing age bleed every month except when they’re pregnant, and that pregnancy only happens when they have sex with a man. From there, I expect, came the idea of the man causing the child to come into being, and that expanded to the idea that the Causer of the Universe was male too.